2026 Spring Course Syllabus - Mathematics 9043.001 - Calculus of Variations

Course Title:

Calculus of Variations

Course Credits:

3

Course Mode:

In person

Course Days and Time:

MW 10:30-11:50

Course Room:

Wachman Hall 617

Course Instructor:
Yury Grabovsky
Instructor Email:
yury@temple.edu
Instructor Office:

Wachman Hall 616

Office Hours:

MW 1-2pm

W 3-4pm

Course Materials:

Lecture notes and HW assignments will be posted on Canvas

Course grading scheme:

A: 90-100

A-: 85-89

B+: 80-84

B: 70-79

B-: 65-69

C+:60-64

C: 50-59 

Course prerequisites:

Undergraduate ODE, Linear Algebra, Calculus sequence, including Advanced Calculus (aka Analysis)

Course goals:

The goal of the course is to introduce students to the fertile ideas of Calculus of Variations and show how they naturally gave rise to many areas of modern mathematics

Topics covered:

Variational problems. First variation, Euler-Lagrange
equations. Transversality conditions. Least action principle and
analytical mechanics. Variational symmetries and Noether's
theorem. Conservation of energy, momentum, angular momentum. Weak and
strong local minima. Second variation. Weierstrass needle variation,
and Weierstrass convexity condition. Caratheodory's ``royal
road''. Global Hamiltonians and Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Jacobi
theory of second variation and Weierstrass ``field
theory''. Symplectic structure of Hamilton's equations. Symmetries and
conservation laws in the language of Hamiltonians. Optimal control
problems and Pontryagin's maximum principle. Numerous examples and
applications will be illustrating the above theoretical concepts
throughout the course.

Exam dates:

There will be no exams. Your grade will be determined by your HWs

Attendance policy:

Mandatory

Technology Specifications for this Course:
The students will be required either to typeset their HWs in LaTeX and submit pdfs or scan their handwritten solutions and upload pdf HWs to Canvas. HW assignemnts and Lecture notes will also be available on Canvas.
Attendance and Your Health:

To achieve course learning goals, students must attend and participate in classes, according to the course requirements. However, if you have tested positive for or are experiencing symptoms of a contagious illness, you should not come to campus or attend in-person  classes or activities. It is the student’s responsibility to contact me to create a plan for participation and engagement in the course as soon as you are able to do so, and to make a plan to complete all assignments in a timely fashion.

Expectations for Class Conduct :

It is important to foster a respectful and productive learning environment that includes all students in our diverse community of learners. Our differences, some of which are outlined in the University's nondiscrimination statement, will add richness to this learning experience. Therefore, all opinions and experiences, no matter how different or controversial they may be perceived, must be respected in the tolerant spirit of academic discourse. 

Disability Statement:

Any student who has a need for accommodations based on the impact of a documented disability or medical condition should contact Disability Resources and Services (DRS) in Howard Gittis Student Center South, Rm 420 (drs@temple.edu; 215-204-1280) to request accommodations and learn more about the resources available to you. If you have a DRS accommodation letter to share with me, or you would like to discuss your accommodations, please contact me as soon as practical. I will work with you and with DRS to coordinate reasonable accommodations for all students with documented disabilities. All discussions related to your accommodations will be confidential.

Academic Freedom:

Freedom to teach and freedom to learn are inseparable facets of academic freedom. The University has adopted a policy on Student and Faculty Academic Rights and Responsibilities (Policy # 03.70.02) which can be accessed here (opens in new tab/window).

Add/Drop Policy:

Students will be charged for a course unless dropped by the Drop/Add deadline date. Check the University calendar (opens in new tab/window) for exact dates.

 

During the Drop/Add period, students may drop a course with no record of the class appearing on their transcript. Students are not financially responsible for any courses dropped during this period. In the following weeks prior to or on the withdrawal date students may withdraw from a course with the grade of "W" appearing on their transcript. After the withdrawal date students may not withdraw from courses. Check the University Calendar (opens in new tab/window) for exact dates. See the full policy by clicking here (opens in new tab/window).

AI Policy:

The use of generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT, DALL-E, etc.) is not permitted in this class unless specifically announced for a particular assignment; therefore, any use of AI tools for work in this class may be considered a violation of Temple University's Academic Honesty policy and Student Conduct Code, since the work is not your own. The use of unauthorized AI tools will result in a grade of zero on the assignment; a second offense will be reported to the Student Conduct Board.

Incomplete Policy:

The grade "I" (an "incomplete") is only given if students cannot complete the course work due to circumstances beyond their control. It is necessary for the student to have completed the majority of the course work with a passing average and to sign an incomplete contract which clearly states what is left for the student to do and the deadline by which the work must be completed. The incomplete contract must also include a default grade that will be used in case the "I" grade is not resolved by the agreed deadline. See the full policy by clicking here (opens in new tab/window).

Student Support Services:

The following academic support services are available to students (all links open in a new tab/window): 
    The Math Consulting Center 
    Student Success Center 
    University Libraries 
    Undergraduate Research Support 
    Career Center 
    Tuttleman Counseling Services 
    Disability Resources and Services 
If you are experiencing food insecurity or financial struggles, Temple provides resources and support. Notably, the Temple University Cherry Pantry and the Temple University Emergency Student Aid Program are in operation as well as a variety of resources from the Division of Student Affairs.

Year
Semester
Course
Section
Course Extra
Title
Attendance and Your Health
Description

To achieve course learning goals, students must attend and participate in classes, according to the course requirements. However, if you have tested positive for or are experiencing symptoms of a contagious illness, you should not come to campus or attend in-person  classes or activities. It is the student’s responsibility to contact me to create a plan for participation and engagement in the course as soon as you are able to do so, and to make a plan to complete all assignments in a timely fashion.

Title
Expectations for Class Conduct
Description

It is important to foster a respectful and productive learning environment that includes all students in our diverse community of learners. Our differences, some of which are outlined in the University's nondiscrimination statement, will add richness to this learning experience. Therefore, all opinions and experiences, no matter how different or controversial they may be perceived, must be respected in the tolerant spirit of academic discourse. 

Title
Disability Statement
Description

Any student who has a need for accommodations based on the impact of a documented disability or medical condition should contact Disability Resources and Services (DRS) in Howard Gittis Student Center South, Rm 420 (drs@temple.edu; 215-204-1280) to request accommodations and learn more about the resources available to you. If you have a DRS accommodation letter to share with me, or you would like to discuss your accommodations, please contact me as soon as practical. I will work with you and with DRS to coordinate reasonable accommodations for all students with documented disabilities. All discussions related to your accommodations will be confidential.

Title
Academic Freedom
Description

Freedom to teach and freedom to learn are inseparable facets of academic freedom. The University has adopted a policy on Student and Faculty Academic Rights and Responsibilities (Policy # 03.70.02) which can be accessed here (opens in new tab/window).

Title
Add/Drop Policy
Description

Students will be charged for a course unless dropped by the Drop/Add deadline date. Check the University calendar (opens in new tab/window) for exact dates.

 

During the Drop/Add period, students may drop a course with no record of the class appearing on their transcript. Students are not financially responsible for any courses dropped during this period. In the following weeks prior to or on the withdrawal date students may withdraw from a course with the grade of "W" appearing on their transcript. After the withdrawal date students may not withdraw from courses. Check the University Calendar (opens in new tab/window) for exact dates. See the full policy by clicking here (opens in new tab/window).

Title
AI Policy
Description

The use of generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT, DALL-E, etc.) is not permitted in this class unless specifically announced for a particular assignment; therefore, any use of AI tools for work in this class may be considered a violation of Temple University's Academic Honesty policy and Student Conduct Code, since the work is not your own. The use of unauthorized AI tools will result in a grade of zero on the assignment; a second offense will be reported to the Student Conduct Board.

Title
Incomplete Policy
Description

The grade "I" (an "incomplete") is only given if students cannot complete the course work due to circumstances beyond their control. It is necessary for the student to have completed the majority of the course work with a passing average and to sign an incomplete contract which clearly states what is left for the student to do and the deadline by which the work must be completed. The incomplete contract must also include a default grade that will be used in case the "I" grade is not resolved by the agreed deadline. See the full policy by clicking here (opens in new tab/window).

Title
Student Support Services
Description

The following academic support services are available to students (all links open in a new tab/window): 
    The Math Consulting Center 
    Student Success Center 
    University Libraries 
    Undergraduate Research Support 
    Career Center 
    Tuttleman Counseling Services 
    Disability Resources and Services 
If you are experiencing food insecurity or financial struggles, Temple provides resources and support. Notably, the Temple University Cherry Pantry and the Temple University Emergency Student Aid Program are in operation as well as a variety of resources from the Division of Student Affairs.

Course title

Calculus of Variations

Course credits

3

Course mode

In person

Course Days and Time

MW 10:30-11:50

Course room

Wachman Hall 617

Your office

Wachman Hall 616

Your office hours

MW 1-2pm

W 3-4pm

Course materials

Lecture notes and HW assignments will be posted on Canvas

Course grading scheme

A: 90-100

A-: 85-89

B+: 80-84

B: 70-79

B-: 65-69

C+:60-64

C: 50-59 

Course prerequisites

Undergraduate ODE, Linear Algebra, Calculus sequence, including Advanced Calculus (aka Analysis)

Course goals

The goal of the course is to introduce students to the fertile ideas of Calculus of Variations and show how they naturally gave rise to many areas of modern mathematics

Description of topics covered

Variational problems. First variation, Euler-Lagrange
equations. Transversality conditions. Least action principle and
analytical mechanics. Variational symmetries and Noether's
theorem. Conservation of energy, momentum, angular momentum. Weak and
strong local minima. Second variation. Weierstrass needle variation,
and Weierstrass convexity condition. Caratheodory's ``royal
road''. Global Hamiltonians and Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Jacobi
theory of second variation and Weierstrass ``field
theory''. Symplectic structure of Hamilton's equations. Symmetries and
conservation laws in the language of Hamiltonians. Optimal control
problems and Pontryagin's maximum principle. Numerous examples and
applications will be illustrating the above theoretical concepts
throughout the course.

Exam dates

There will be no exams. Your grade will be determined by your HWs

Attendance Policy

Mandatory

Technology Specifications for this Course
The students will be required either to typeset their HWs in LaTeX and submit pdfs or scan their handwritten solutions and upload pdf HWs to Canvas. HW assignemnts and Lecture notes will also be available on Canvas.
Course Instructor
Yury Grabovsky
Instructor Email
yury@temple.edu